AI, big data and IoT are profoundly changing life, production and governance — but data leakage risks grow alongside, threatening personal privacy, trade secrets and national security.
Recent incidents: in March 2023 an overseas AI tool leaked paid users' chat records and bank details through a caching flaw; in February 2025 an IoT company left a database unprotected, exposing hundreds of millions of records including Wi-Fi passwords and device IDs; and by February 2025 over 2,000 phishing sites impersonating DeepSeek were harvesting information and fees.
The guide provides a citizen data-security self-check list across device security, personal information protection and online behavior — nine items in total — plus three protective measures: secure baseline settings (strong passwords, two-step verification), vigilance in daily behavior (verify shopping sites and suspicious messages), and caution with software (official download channels, privacy modes).
National security authorities remind the public that data security is a real, present risk — awareness is the foundation of the digital era's safety baseline.